The Cardiac Cycle and Determinants of Output
- Previous year questions on The Cardiac Cycle and Determinants of Output for NEET PG (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test - Postgraduate), from the Physiology section of the exam.
- Most questions here come from previous-year papers of Indian postgraduate medical entrance and licensing exams; where a paper and year are recorded the question carries them. The image-based questions are original vignettes written around an openly licensed figure, and were never asked in any exam.
- 11 live questions in The Cardiac Cycle and Determinants of Output.
- 6 of 11 questions carry a verified exam year: 2018, 2019.
- Physiology is worth about 17 of 300 questions on the exam. See every subject’s weightage.
- Question set last updated 19 Aug 2026.
Q1.Normal cardiac index in an adult is:-
- A5.9 L/min/M2
- B2.3 L/min/M2
- C3.2 L/min/M2✓ Correct answer
- D4.6 L/min/M2
Q2.Which of the following is true about fourth heart sound 'S4'
- ACan be heard by the unaided ear
- BFrequency is greater than 20 Hz
- CHeard during ventricular filling phase✓ Correct answer
- DHeard during ventricular ejection phase
Q3.C wave in JVP is due to -
- AAtrial contraction
- BTricuspid valve bulging into right atrium✓ Correct answer
- CRight atrial filling
- DRapid ventricular filling
Q4.Cardiac event at the end of isometric relaxation phase:-
- AAtrioventricular valves open✓ Correct answer
- BAtrioventricular valves closes
- CCorresponds to peak of C wave in JVP
- DCorresponds to T wave in ECG
Q5.Bainbridge reflex is due to:-
- AStretching of atria✓ Correct answer
- BBaroreceptor reflex
- CDecreased venous return
- DIncreased ventricular activity
Q6.In a measurement of cardiac output using the fick principle, the O2 concentrations of mixed venous and aerial blood are 16 and 20 ml. 100 ml-1, respectively and the O2 consumption is 300 ml-min-1. The Cardiac output in liters min-1 is:
- A5
- B8
- C9
- D7.5✓ Correct answer
Q7.When the HR is 72 beats per min, what would be the duration of cardiac cycle?
- A445 ms
- B1450 ms
- C700 ms
- D833 ms✓ Correct answer
Q8.C wave in JVP due to
- AAtrial contraction
- BAtrial filling
- CTricuspid bulging✓ Correct answer
- DRapid ventricular filling
Q9.Sequential arrangement question on JVP. Starting with "a" wave. A-First heart sound B-T wave C-R wave D-Rapid ejection phase
- AA,B,C,D
- BA,C,D,B
- CC,A,D,B✓ Correct answer
- DD,C,B,A
Q10.Best index to measure cardiac afterload is:
- AMean aerial pressure
- BLV end diastolic pressure
- CLV mean systolic pressure
- DTotal peripheral resistance✓ Correct answer
Answer key
Q1: C. 3.2 L/min/M2; Q2: C. Heard during ventricular filling phase; Q3: B. Tricuspid valve bulging into right atrium; Q4: A. Atrioventricular valves open; Q5: A. Stretching of atria; Q6: D. 7.5; Q7: D. 833 ms; Q8: C. Tricuspid bulging; Q9: C. C,A,D,B; Q10: D. Total peripheral resistance.
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