Disorders of Acid-Base Balance
- Previous year questions on Disorders of Acid-Base Balance for NEET PG (National Eligibility cum Entrance Test - Postgraduate), from the Medicine section of the exam.
- Most questions here come from previous-year papers of Indian postgraduate medical entrance and licensing exams; where a paper and year are recorded the question carries them. The image-based questions are original vignettes written around an openly licensed figure, and were never asked in any exam.
- 72 live questions in Disorders of Acid-Base Balance.
- 11 of 72 questions carry a verified exam year: 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020.
- Medicine is worth about 33 of 300 questions on the exam. See every subject’s weightage.
- Question set last updated 6 Sept 2026.
Q1.A 55-year-old male presents with tachypnea and mental confusion. Blood glucose 350mg/dL pH 7.2 What is the most likely acid base disorder
- Ametabolic alkalosis
- BRespiratory alkalosis
- CMetabolic acidosis✓ Correct answer
- DRespiratory acidosis
Q2.Normal anion gap is___ mmol/L?
- A4-6
- B6-12✓ Correct answer
- C12-24
- D24-50
Q3.the blood examination of a patient with head injury reveals Ph=7.2, pco2=65mmhg,hco3= 30 meq/l?
- Arespiratory acidosis✓ Correct answer
- Brespiratory alkalosis
- Cmetabolic acidosis
- Dmetabolic alkalosis
Q4.hyperventilation may lead to ?
- Atetany✓ Correct answer
- Brespiratory alkalosis
- Cmetabolic acidosis
- Dmetabolic alkalosis
Q5.All of the following cause high anion gap metabolic acidosis except -
- ALactic acidosis
- BSalicylats poisoning
- CEthylene glycol poisoning
- DUreterosigmoidostomy✓ Correct answer
Q6.An ABG analysis shows:pH 7.2, raised pCO2, decreased HCO3: Diagnosis is :
- ARespiratory acidosis
- BCompensated metabolic acidosis
- CRespiratory and metabolic acidosis✓ Correct answer
- DRespiratory alkalosis
Q7.pH 7.24, PaO2 55 mm Hg, PaCO250 mm Hg, HCO3-30 mEq/L consistent with:
- ARespiratory acidosis✓ Correct answer
- BRespiratory alkalosis
- CMetabolic acidosis
- DMetabolic alkalosis
Q8.The following condition is not associated with an increased anion-gap type of metabolic acidosis?
- AShock
- BIngestion of ante-freeze
- CDiabetic ketoacidosis
- DCOPD✓ Correct answer
Q9.Metabolic acidosis is caused by which of the following?
- AHypovolemia
- BHypokalemia
- CHypocalcemia
- DHypoaldosteronism✓ Correct answer
Q10.All can cause high anion gap acidosis except
- AEthylene glycol
- BStarvation
- CDiabetic ketoacidosis
- DGlue-sniffing✓ Correct answer
Answer key
Q1: C. Metabolic acidosis; Q2: B. 6-12; Q3: A. respiratory acidosis; Q4: A. tetany; Q5: D. Ureterosigmoidostomy; Q6: C. Respiratory and metabolic acidosis; Q7: A. Respiratory acidosis; Q8: D. COPD; Q9: D. Hypoaldosteronism; Q10: D. Glue-sniffing.
Other topics in Medicine
- Bedside Clinical Examination
- Anterior Pituitary Disorders
- Pituitary Tumours and Sheehan Syndrome
- Posterior Pituitary: ADH, Oxytocin and Diabetes Insipidus
- Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH)
- Thyroid Disorders: Clinical Presentation
- Thyroid Disorders: Treatment Approach
- Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes
- Phaeochromocytoma
- Cushing Syndrome
- Adrenal Insufficiency and Aldosterone Excess
- Diabetes Mellitus: Classification, Presentation and Treatment
- Diabetes Mellitus: Complications and Their Care
- Endocrinology of Reproduction
- Parathyroid Disorders and Calcium Balance
- Obesity
- Hyperbilirubinaemias and Liver Function Testing
- Alcohol-Related and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
- Viral Hepatitis
- Autoimmune Hepatobiliary Disease
- Acute Liver Failure and Transplantation
- Haemochromatosis and Wilson Disease
- Cirrhosis and Its Complications
- Peptic Ulcer Disease and Allied Conditions
- Approach to Diarrhoea
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Presentation and Diagnosis
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Complications and Therapy
- Syndromes of Malabsorption
- Miscellaneous Gastrointestinal Disorders
- Vasculitis of Large and Medium Vessels
- Small Vessel Vasculitides
- Variable Vessel Vasculitis
- Crystal-Induced Arthritis
- Sjogren Syndrome and Scleroderma
- Sarcoidosis
- Dermatomyositis and Related Inflammatory Myopathies
- Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies
- SLE and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Asthma and COPD
- Pneumonia
- Interstitial Lung Disease and Pneumoconioses
- Lung Abscess and Bronchiectasis
- Tests of Pulmonary Function
- ARDS and Respiratory Failure
- Lung Tumours
- Sleep Apnoea
- Urinalysis
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Acute Kidney Injury
- Dialysis and Renal Replacement Therapy
- Inherited and Cystic Kidney Disease
- Disorders of the Renal Tubules
- Renal Vascular Disease
- Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease
- Fundamentals of the ECG
- Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmias
- Ventricular Arrhythmias and Conduction Blocks
- Diseases of the Cardiac Valves
- Infective Endocarditis and Rheumatic Fever
- Systemic Hypertension and Vascular Disease
- Ischemic Heart Disease: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
- Ischemic Heart Disease: Complications and Treatment
- Myocarditis and the Cardiomyopathies
- Heart Failure
- Disorders of the Pericardium
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Aortic and Peripheral Arterial Disease
- Pulmonary Embolism and DVT
- Neurological Assessment, GCS and Brain Death
- Epilepsy and Seizure Disorders
- Ischemic Stroke
- Haemorrhagic Stroke and Brainstem Syndromes
- Disorders of Peripheral Nerves
- Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Immune-Mediated Neuropathies
- Spinal Cord Disorders
- Myasthenia Gravis and Neuromuscular Junction Disease
- Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disease
- Headache Syndromes
- Disorders of Movement
- Motor Neuron Disease and ALS
- Ataxias
- Disorders of the Cranial Nerves
- Neurological Infections
- Hypoproliferative Anaemia
- Macrocytic Anaemia
- Haemolytic Anaemia
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and Aplastic Anaemia
- Disorders of Platelets
- Acute Leukaemias
- Plasma Cell Dyscrasias
- Chronic Myeloid and Chronic Lymphoid Leukaemia
- Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Disorders of Coagulation
- Haemoglobinopathies
- Transfusion Medicine and Blood Banking
- HIV and AIDS: Epidemiology and Clinical Features
- HIV and AIDS: Treatment and Prophylaxis
- Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis
- Malaria, Dengue and Other Tropical Fevers
- COVID-19: Epidemiology and Clinical Features
- COVID-19: Diagnostic Investigations
- COVID-19: Management